動詞（包括謂語和非謂語）

◎看看發起者是誰，用意思來判斷

Coronary angiography, a sophisticated method for diagnosing coronary disease, involves the introduction of a dye into the arteries of the heart and is now administered selectively, because it uses x-rays to observe cardiac function. (A-P1-137)

A. method for diagnosing coronary disease  involving the introduction of a dye into the arteries of the heart and is now administered selectively, because it usesinvolving 的發起者為disease主要分析分詞及主干的謂語動詞

◎時間和地點狀語不放在動詞和發起者之間

◎意義無區別時: 2個選項比較：最好用動詞形式，不用名詞或形容詞形式Section 18.13. Oberlin College in Ohio was a renegade institution at its 1833 founding for deciding to accept both men and women as students.

(A) at its 1833 founding for deciding to accept

(B) for the decision at its 1833 founding to accept

(C) when it was founded in 1833 for its decision to accept

(D) in deciding at its founding in 1833 to accept

(E) by deciding at its founding in 1833 on the acceptance ofD

◎只要沒有明顯表示時間概念的詞或者時間概念就不要考慮時態，但如果有就立刻考慮，只有現在、過去、進行、將來和完成時

◎如果劃線部分的頭尾是V，先做V。

看動詞。如果畫線部分有動詞開頭或者結尾， 先找動詞的發起者， 根據事態， 單復數等可以排除選項。時間，地點狀語不可插在動詞與動詞發起者之間，應放在之前或者之后。動詞中的非100%原則：動詞原型與動詞的衍生名詞；主動與被動；一般事態的優先原則。Section 18.15. People have discovered the principles of solar energy whenever fuel becomes scarce and expensive but will forget them every time a new source of cheap energy is developed.

(A) have discovered the principles of solar energy whenever fuel becomes scarce and expensive but will forget

(B) have discovered the principles of solar energy whenever fuel has become scarce and expen-sive but they forget

(C) discovered the principles of solar energy every time fuel becomes scarce and expensive,forgetting

(D) discover the principles of solar energy every time fuel became scarce and expensive, but they forget

(E) discover the principles of solar energy whenever fuel becomes scarce and expensive but forget

whenever, every time 一般現在時, E