表示不定的人或物的名詞作動詞be的主語時,通常用there+be+名詞結構。可以說A policeman is at the door(門口站著一位警察),但通常說There is a policeman at the door(有一位警察站在門口)。
注意:雖然there像是主語,但真正的主語卻是跟在動詞之后的名詞。如果該名詞是復數(shù),動詞在數(shù)上就必須和它一致:
There are two policemen at the door.
有兩個警察站在門口。
上述兩種句子結構(即名詞+be結構和there+be+名詞結
構)都是可行的,當be意為exist(存在)/happen(發(fā)生)/takeplace(發(fā)生)時there結構是必要的:
There is a mistake/There are mistakes in this translation.
這篇譯文里有錯誤。
這個句子不能改寫成A mistake is/Mistakes are等。
在下列句子中,例句之后加(R)的表示there結構可被名詞/代詞+動詞結構代替:
There have been several break-ins this year.
今年發(fā)生了好幾起強行入室盜竊事件。
There will be plenty of room for everyone.
將有足夠的房間分給大家。
There were hundreds of people on the beach.(R)
海灘上有成千上萬的人。
there同樣也可以與someone/anyone/no one/something等連用:
There’someone on the phone for you.(R)
有你的電話。
there+be+something/nothing/anything+形容詞結構也是可以的:
-Is there anything wrong(with your car)?(R)
-No,there is nothing wrong with it.(R)
-(你的車)出了什么毛病嗎?(Examda)
-不,沒出什么毛病。
There’s something odd/strange about this letter.
這封信有點奇怪。
名詞或someone/something等后面可跟關系從句:
There’s a film I want to see.
有部電影我想去看。